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FreeBSD handbookÖÐÎÄ°æ14 Éù¿¨
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14 Éù¿¨
14.1 ¸ÅÒª
14.2 Ñ°ÕÒÕýÈ·µÄÉ豸
14.3 ÖØбàÒëÄÚºË
14.4 ´´½¨ºÍ²âÊÔÉ豸װÔصĽڵã
14.5 ³£¼ûµÄÎÊÌâ
14.6 MP3 ÒôÀÖ
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14.1 ¸ÅÒª
FreeBSD Ö§³ÖºÜ¶àÖÖÉù¿¨£¬ÔÊÐíÄãÊä³ö¸÷ÖÖ¸ñʽµÄÒôÀÖ¡£°üÀ¨MP3,WAV,Ogg Vorbis µÈ
µÈ¸ñʽµÄÒôÀÖ¡£FreeBSD Ports ÖÐÒ²°üº¬Á˺ܶàÓ¦ÓóÌÐò¿ÉÒÔÔÊÐíÄã±à¼­ÒôÀÖÎļþ¡£
¶ÁÍêÕâÕ£¬Ä㽫Á˽⵽ÕâЩ£º 
. ÈçºÎ¶¨Î»ÄãµÄÉù¿¨¡£
. ÈçºÎÅäÖÃÄãµÄϵͳÒÔ±ãÄãµÄÉù¿¨ÄÜ´ïµ½×î¼Ñ״̬¡£
. ͨ¹ýʹÓÃרÃŵijÌÐò²âÊÔÄãµÄÉù¿¨µÄ¹¤×÷״̬µÄ·½·¨¡£
. ÈçºÎ½â¾öÉù¿¨°²×°µÄһЩÎÊÌâ¡£
¶ÁÕâÕÂ֮ǰ£¬ÄãÓ¦µ±Á˽âÕâЩ£º 
. ÈçºÎÅäÖúͰ²×°Ò»¸öÐÂÄںˣ¨µÚ9 Õ£© 
14.2 Ñ°ÕÒÕýÈ·µÄÉ豸
ÔÚ¿ªÊ¼ÒÔÇ°£¬Ó¦¸ÃÒªÖªµÀÄãÓµÓеÄÉù¿¨µÄÐͺţ¬ËüËùÓõÄоƬ£¬»¹ÓÐËüÊÇPCI »¹ÊÇISA 
¿¨¡£FreeBSD ¹ã·ºµØÖ§³Ö¶àÖÖPCI ¼°ISA ¿¨¡£Èç¹ûÔÚÏÂÃæÁбíÖÐûÓз¢ÏÖÓëÄãÒ»ÑùµÄ¿¨£¬Çë
²Î¿¼pcm Áª»úÊֲᡣÕâ²»ÊÇÍêÕûµÄÁÐ±í£»²»¹ýÒѾ­ÁгöÁ˴󲿷ÖͨÓõÄÉù¿¨¡£
. Crystal 4237, 4236, 4232, 4231 
. Yamaha OPL-SAx 
. OPTi931 
. Ensoniq AudioPCI 1370/1371 
. ESS Solo-1/1E 
. NeoMagic 256AV/ZX 
. Sound Blaster Pro, 16, 32, AWE64, AWE128, Live 
µÚ1 Ò³FreeBSD ʹÓÃÊÖ²á
. Creative ViBRA16 
. Advanced Asound 100, 110, and Logic ALS120 
. ES 1868, 1869, 1879, 1888 
. Gravis UltraSound 
. Aureal Vortex 1 or 2 
ÄÚºËÖÐʹÓõÄÇý¶¯³ÌÐòÊÓËùÓµÓеÄÉù¿¨¶ø¶¨¡£ÏÂÃæµÄ¶ÎÂäÌṩÁ˸ü¶àµÄÐÅÏ¢ÒÔ¼°ÄÇЩÐè
Òª¼ÓÈëÄÚºËÉèÖõÄ×ÊÁÏ¡£
14.2.1 Creative, Advance ºÍESS Sound Cards 
Èç¹ûÓÐÉÏÃæÕâЩ¿¨Ö®Ò»£¬ÇëÔÚÄÚºËÖмÓÈë
device pcm 
Èç¹ûÓÐPnP ISA ¿¨£¬Ò²ÇëÔÚÄÚºËÖмÓÈë
device sbc 
¶ÔÓÚ·ÇPnP ISA ¿¨£¬ÇëÔÚÄÚºËÖмÓÈë
device pcm ºÍdevice sbc0 at isa? port0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x15 
ÄÇЩÊÇĬÈϵÄÉèÖ᣿ÉÄÜÐèÒª¸Ä±äIRQ »òÆäËü¡£ÆäËüÐÅÏ¢Çë²Î¿¼sbc Áª»úÊֲᡣ
×¢Òâ: δ¾­ÐÞ²¹µÄFreeBSD 4.0 ²»Ö§³ÖSound Blaster Live£»Õâ²»°üº¬ÔÚÕâ·ÝÎļþÖС£
½¨ÒéÔÚ³¢ÊÔʹÓÃÕâÕÅ¿¨ÒÔÇ°¸üе½×îаæµÄ-STABLE¡£
14.2.2 Gravis UltraSound Cards 
¶ÔÓÚPnP ISA ¿¨£¬ÇëÔÚÄÚºËÖмÓÈë
device pcm 
ºÍ
device gusc 
Èç¹ûÓзÇPnP ISA ¿¨£¬ÇëÔÚÄÚºËÖмÓÈë
device pcm 
ºÍ
device gus0 at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1 flags 0x13 
¿ÉÄÜÐèÒª¸ü¸ÄIRQ »òÆäËü¡£ÆäËüÐÅÏ¢Çë²Î¿¼gusc Áª»úÊֲᡣ
µÚ2 Ò³FreeBSD ʹÓÃÊÖ²á
14.2.3 Crystal Éù¿¨
¶ÔÓÚCrystal ¿¨£¬ÇëÔÚÄÚºËÖмÓÈë
device pcm 
ºÍ
device csa 
14.2.4 Ò»°ãÖ§³Ö
¶ÔÓÚPnP ISA »òPCI ¿¨£¬ÇëÔÚÄÚºËÉèÖÃÖмÓÈë
device pcm 
Èç¹ûÓв»º¬bridge Çý¶¯³ÌÐòµÄ·ÇPnP ISA Éù¿¨£¬ÇëÔÚÄÚºËÖмÓÈë
device pcm0 at isa? irq 10 drq 1 flags 0x0 
¿ÉÄÜÐèÒª¸Ä±äIRQ »òÆäËü£¬ÒÔ·ûºÏÓ²¼þÉèÖá£
14.3 ÖØбàÒëÄÚºË
ÔÚ¼ÓÈëËùÐèµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÐòÖÁÄÚºËÉèÖúó£¬ÇëÖØбàÒëÄںˡ£ÆäËüÐÅÏ¢Çë²Î¿¼ÊÖ²áµÄµÚ9.3 
½Ú¡£
14.4 ½¨Á¢ºÍ²âÊÔÉ豸װÔصĽڵã
ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ºó£¬µÇ½²¢Ö´ÐÐcat /dev/sndstat¡£»á³öÏÖÀàËÆÏÂÃæµÄÊä³öÐÅÏ¢£º 
FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm) Sep 21 2000 18:29:53 
Installed devices: 
pcm0: at memory 0xfeb40000 irq 5 (4p/1r +channels duplex) 
Èç¹û¿´µ½´íÎóÐÅÏ¢£¬±íʾǰÃæij¸ö²½Öè´íÁË¡£Èç¹û·¢ÉúÁË£¬ÇëÖØмì²éÒ»´ÎÄÚºËÉèÖÃÒÔ
È·¶¨Ñ¡ÔñÁËÕýÈ·µÄÉ豸¡£
Èç¹ûûÓдíÎóÐÅÏ¢¶øÇÒÏÔʾpcm0£¬ÇëÖ´ÐÐsu ±ä³Éroot ²¢ÈçÏÂÖ´ÐУº 
# cd /dev 
# sh MAKEDEV snd0 
Èç¹ûûÓдíÎóÐÅÏ¢¶øÇÒÏÔʾpcm1£¬Ê¹ÓÃsu ±ä³Éroot ²¢ÈçÏÂÖ´ÐУº 
# cd /dev 
# sh MAKEDEV snd1 
Çë×¢ÒâÉÏÃæÈÎÒ»¸öÃüÁ²»»á²úÉú/dev/snd É豸£¡¶øÊDzúÉúÒ»×éÉ豸½Úµã°üÀ¨£º 
µÚ3 Ò³FreeBSD ʹÓÃÊÖ²á
˵Ã÷É豸
ÓëSPARC ¼æÈݵÄÉùÒôÉ豸/dev/audio 
Êý×ÖÉùÒôÉ豸/dev/dsp 
Ïó/dev/dsp£¬µ«Ã¿´ÎÈ¡ÑùΪ16 bits /dev/dspW 
/dev/midi midi ·ÃÎÊÉ豸
¿ØÖƶ˿ڻìÒôÉ豸/dev/mixer 
/dev/music Level 2 ÒôÐò½Ó¿Ú
/dev/sequencer ÒôÐòÉ豸
¿É±à³ÌÉ豸½Ó¿Ú/dev/pss 
Èç¹û˳Àû£¬ÏÖÔÚÓ¦¸ÃÓиö¿ÉÕý³£¹¤×÷µÄÉù¿¨ÁË¡£Èç¹ûûÓУ¬Çë²Î¿¼ÏÂÒ»½Ú¡£
14.5 ³£¼ûµÄÎÊÌâ
14.5.1. ÎÒÓöµ½Ò»¸öunsupported subdevice XX error£¡ 
Ò»¸ö»ò¶à¸öÉ豸½ÚµãûÓб»ÕýÈ·µÄ²úÉú¡£ÇëÖظ´ÉÏÃæµÄ²½Öè¡£
14.5.2. ÎÒÓöµ½Ò»¸ösb_dspwr(XX) timed out µÄ´íÎ󣡠
I/O port ûÓÐÉèÖÃÕýÈ·¡£
14.5.3. ÎÒÓöµ½a bad irq XX µÄ´íÎ󣡠
IRQ ÉèÖÃÓÐÎó¡£ÇëÈ·¶¨ÉèÖõÄIRQ ºÍÉù¿¨IRQ Ò»Ö¡£
14.5.4.ÎÒÓöµ½¡°xxx: gus pcm not attached, out of memory¡± µÄ´íÎó¡£ÕâÊÇʲôÔì³É
µÄ£¿ 
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14.6 MP3 ÒôÀÖ
14.6.1 MP3 ²¥·ÅÆ÷
×îÁ÷ÐеÄXFree86 MP3 ²¥·ÅÆ÷ÊÇXMMS¡£Winamp µÄskins Ò²Äܱ»ÓÃÔÚXMMS ÉÏ¡£XMMS Ò²
Ö§³Ö²å¼þ¡£
XMMS ÄÜ´Óaudio/xmms port »òpackage Öа²×°¡£XMMS ½Ó¿ÚÊǺÜÖ±¹ÛµÄ£¬ËüÓÐÒ»¸ö²¥·Å
Ŀ¼£¬Ò»¸öͼÐεľùºâÆ÷µÈ¡£ÕâЩ¶¼ºÜÏówinamp¡£Ò²¿ÉÒÔÔÚaudio/mpg123 port ÖÐÑ¡ÔñÒ»
¸öÃüÁîÐеÄMP3 ²¥·ÅÆ÷¡£¿ÉÒÔÕâÑù×ö£º 
µÚ4 Ò³FreeBSD ʹÓÃÊÖ²á
# mpg123 -a /dev/dsp1.0 Foobar-GreatestHits.mp3 
High Performance MPEG 1.0/2.0/2.5 Audio Player for Layer 1, 2 and 3. 
Version 0.59r (1999/Jun/15). Written and copyrights by Michael Hipp. 
Uses code from various people. See 'README' for more! 
THIS SOFTWARE COMES WITH ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY! USE AT YOUR OWN RISK! 
Playing MPEG stream from BT - Foobar-GreastHits.mp3 ... 
MPEG 1.0 layer III, 128 kbit/s, 44100 Hz joint-stereo 
ÔÚÄãµÄϵͳÖУ¬/dev/dsp1.0 Ó¦¸Ã±»dsp É豸½Ó¿ÚËùÌæ»»¡£
14.6.2 ת»»CD Òô¹ì
ÔÚ°ÑCD »òCD Òô¹ìת»»³ÉMP3 ʱ£¬ÔÚCD ÉϵÄÉùÒôÊý¾Ý±ØÐ뱻תµ½Ó²ÅÌÉÏ¡£Õâ¿ÉÒÔ°ÑCDDA 
Êý¾Ýת³ÉWAV ÎļþÀ´Íê³É¡£cdda2wav ¹¤¾ß£¬ÊÇsysutils/cdrtools Ì×¼þµÄÒ»²¿·Ö¡£ÏÂÃæµÄ
ÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÕû¸öCD ת³ÉÒ»¸ö¸ö£¨Ã¿¸öÒô¹ì£©WAV Îļþ£º 
# cdda2wav -D 0,1,0 -B 
-D 0,1,0Ö¸³öÁËSCSI É豸ÊÇ0,1,0£¬ËüÊÇÓëcdrecord -scanbus Êä³öÏà·ûºÏµÄ¡£×ª»»
ÿ¸öÒô¹ì£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼ÓÉÏ-t Ñ¡Ï 
# cdda2wav -D 0,1,0 -t 7 
Õâ¸öÀý×Ó¿ÉÒÔ´ÓCD ÉÏץȡ7 ¸öÒô¹ì¡£¿ÉÒÔÖ¸¶¨Ò»¸ö·¶Î§£¬Èç1 µ½7£º 
# cdda2wav -D 0,1,0 -t 1+7 
cdda2wav Ö»Ö§³ÖSCSI CDROM Çý¶¯Æ÷¡£¶ÔÓÚIDE Çý¶¯Æ÷¿ÉÒÔÑ¡ÔñÆäËüµÄ¹¤¾ß¡£
14.6.3 MP3 ±àÂë
ÏÖÔÚ£¬¿ÉÒÔÑ¡Ôñlame Õâ¸ömp3 ±àÂëÆ÷¡£¿ÉÒÔÔÚaudio/lame ÖÐÕÒµ½¡£
µÚ5 Ò³FreeBSD ʹÓÃÊÖ²á
ʹÓÃת»»µÄWAV Îļþ£¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁî°Ñaudio01.wav ת³Éaudio01.mp3£º 
# lame -h -b 128 \ 
--tt " Foo Song Title" \ 
--ta " FooBar Artist" \ 
--tl " FooBar Album" \ 
--ty " 2001" \ 
--tc " Ripped and encoded by Foo" \ 
--tg " Genre" \ 
audio01.wav audio01.mp3 
128K ÊDZê×¼µÄMP3 ±ÈÌØÂÊ¡£¶àÊýʹÓÃ160, »ò192¡£¸ü¸ßµÄ±ÈÌØÂÊ£¬¿ÉÄÜÐèÒª¸ü¶àµÄ´Å
Å̿ռ䡣-h Ñ¡Ïî¿ÉÒÔ´ò¿ª¡°higher quality but a little slower¡±Ä£Ê½¡£
14.6.4 MP3 ½âÂë
ΪÁË°Ñmp3 ת³ÉCD£¬ËüÃDZØÐ뱻ת³É²»±»Ñ¹ËõµÄWAV ¸ñʽ¡£XMMS ºÍmpg123 ¶¼Ö§³ÖÕâЩ¡£
ÔÚXMMS ÖÐдÈë´ÅÅÌ£º 
1. ÔËÐÐXMMS. 
2. ÔÚ´°¿ÚÉϵ¥»÷ÓÒ¼ü´ò¿ªXMMS ²Ëµ¥¡£
3. ÔÚOptions ÖÐÑ¡ÔñPreference¡£
4. ¸Ä±äOutput Plugin ΪDisk Writer Plugin¡£
5. ¼üÈëConfigure. 
6. ¼üÈëÒ»¸öҪдµÄ·ÇѹËõÎļþµÄĿ¼¡£
7. ´ò¿ªÒ»¸öMP3 Îļþ£¬°Ñvolume Éè³É100%£¬EQ ÉèΪ¹Ø±Õ¡£
8. ¼üÈëPlay -- XMMS ½«ÏÔʾÕýÔÚ²¥·ÅµÄMP3 Îļþ£¬µ«Ìý²»¼ûÉùÒô¡£ËµÃ÷ËüÕýÔÚ
ת»»MP3. 
µÚ6 Ò³FreeBSD ʹÓÃÊÖ²á
9. Èç¹ûÒªÌýMP3£¬¼ÇµÃ½«Output Plugin Éè»ØĬÈÏÖµ¡£
ÔÚmpg123 ÖÐд³Éstdout£º 
1. Run mpg123 -s audio01.mp3 > audio01.pcm 
XMMS ÓÃWAV ¸ñʽдһ¸öÎļþ£¬¶ømpg123 °ÑMP3 д³ÉPCM ÒôÀÖ¸ñʽ¡£ÕâЩ¸ñʽÄÜÓÃ
cdrecord »òburncd ³ÌÐòÀ´Ð´³ÉCDR ¹âÅÌ¡£¿ÉÒÔ¿´¿´µÚ12.6 ½ÚµÄÔÚFreeBSD ÖÐʹÓÃCD 
burner¡£
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